Ko ēhea ngā Pūrere e Mahi Ana i te DC Anake? He Aratohu Whānui ki ngā Hikohiko e Mana Ana i te Iahiko Tika

I roto i tō tātou ao hiko e piki haere ana, kāore anō kia nui ake te hiranga o te mārama ki te rerekētanga i waenga i te hiko hurihuri (AC) me te hiko tika (DC). Ahakoa te nuinga o ngā hiko o te whare e tae mai ana hei hiko AC, he maha ngā taputapu hou e mahi ana i te hiko DC anake. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei aratohu hōhonu te ao o ngā taputapu DC-anake, e whakamārama ana he aha i hiahiatia ai te hiko tika, me pēhea te whiwhi, me te aha e rerekē ai rātou i ngā taputapu AC-powered.

Te Mārama ki te Mana DC me te Mana AC

Ngā Rerekētanga Taketake

He aha ētahi taputapu ka mahi anake i runga i te DC

1. Te Taiao Ārahi-HaumaruKo ngā hikohiko o ēnei rā e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā transistors e hiahia ana ki te ngaohiko pumau
2. Te Tairongo o te PaerewaKo ngā wāhanga pēnei i ngā LED ka mahi noa me te whakatakotoranga +/- tika
3. Hototahi Pūhiko: Ka ōrite te DC ki ngā āhuatanga putanga pākahiko
4. Ngā Whakaritenga TikaMe whai hiko kore haruru ngā ara iahiko matihiko

Ngā Kāwai o ngā Pūrere DC-Anake

1. Ngā Hikohiko Kawe

Ko ēnei taputapu whānui te momo taputapu DC-anake nui rawa atu:

• Waea Atamai me ngā Papa
  • Whakahaerehia i runga i te 3.7-12V DC
  • Paerewa Tukunga Mana USB: 5/9/12/15/20V DC
  • Ka hurihia e ngā rihi te AC ki te DC (ka kitea i ngā whakatakotoranga "putanga")
• Ngā Pona me ngā Pukatuhi
  • Te mahi 12-20V DC i te nuinga o te wā
  • Ka taea e ngā pereki hiko te huri i te AC-DC mā te whakamahi i ngā pereki hiko.
  • Te utunga USB-C: 5-48V DC
• Ngā Kāmera Mamati
  • 3.7-7.4V DC mai i ngā pākahiko lithium
  • Me whai ngaohiko pumau ngā pūoko whakaahua

Tauira: Ka whakamahia e te iPhone 15 Pro te 5V DC i te wā e mahi noa ana, ka whakaaetia te 9V DC mō te wā poto i te wā e utu tere ana.

2. Ngā Hikohiko Aunoa

Ko ngā waka hou he pūnaha hiko DC te nuinga:

• Ngā Pūnaha Whakangahau
  • Mahi 12V/24V DC
  • Ngā mata pā, ngā waeine whakatere
• Ngā ECU (Ngā Wāhanga Whakahaere Mīhini)
  • Ngā rorohiko waka nui
  • Me hiahia he mana DC ma
• Rama LED
  • Ngā rama mua, ngā rama o roto
  • Ko te tikanga 9-36V DC

He mea whakamere: Kei roto i ngā waka hiko ngā kaitahuri DC-DC hei whakaheke i te mana o te pākahiko 400V ki te 12V mō ngā taputapu.

3. Ngā Pūnaha Pūngao Whakahou

He nui te whakawhirinaki o ngā whakaurunga pūngao rā ki te hiko DC:

• Ngā Paewhiri Rā
  • Whakaputa hiko DC mā te taiao
  • Paewhiri noa: ara iahiko tuwhera 30-45V DC
• Ngā Pēke Pūhiko
  • Penapenahia te pūngao hei DC
  • Waikawa-ārahi: 12/24/48V DC
  • Ritiumu-ion: 36-400V+ DC
• Ngā Kaiwhakahaere Utu
  • Ngā momo MPPT/PWM
  • Whakahaerehia te tahuritanga DC-DC

4. Ngā Taputapu Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero

Ko te hanganga whatunga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pono o te DC:

• Ngā Hikohiko o te Pourewa Pūtau
  • Ko te tikanga -48V DC paerewa
  • Ngā pūnaha pākahiko tārua
• Ngā Pūrua Muka Whatu
  • Me whai DC ngā taraiwa taiaho
  • He maha ngā wā 12V, 24V DC rānei
• Ngā Whakawhiti/Ngā Pouara Whatunga
  • Ngā taputapu pokapū raraunga
  • Ngā whata hiko 12V/48V DC

5. Ngā Pūrere Hauora

He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā taputapu tiaki nui te DC:

• Ngā Aroturuki Tūroro
  • Ngā mīhini ECG, EEG
  • Me whai ārai haruru hiko
• Ngā Tātaritanga Kawe
  • Ngā matawai ultrasound
  • Ngā tātari toto
• Ngā Pūrere Whakatō
  • Ngā taputapu whakatere
  • Ngā whakaohooho roro

Tuhipoka Haumaru: He maha ngā pūnaha hauora DC e whakamahi ana i ngā pūtake hiko motuhake hei haumaru mō te tūroro.

6. Ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Ahumahi

Ko te aunoatanga o te wheketere e whakawhirinaki ana ki te DC:

• Ngā PLC (Ngā Kaiwhakahaere Arorau Ka Taea te Whakahōtaka)
  • Paerewa 24V DC
  • Mahi ātete-haruru
• Ngā Pūoko me ngā Kaiwhakaoho
  • Ngā pūoko tata
  • Ngā takirere solenoid
• Robotics
  • Ngā kaiwhakahaere motuka servo
  • He maha ngā pūnaha 48V DC

He aha e kore ai e taea e ēnei taputapu te whakamahi i te AC

Ngā Herenga Hangarau

1. Te Kino Whakahurihuri o te Polarity
   • Ka rahua ngā diode me ngā transistors me te AC
   • Tauira: Ka kimo/ka pupuhi ngā rama LED
2. Te Whakararuraru i te Porowhita Wā
   • Ka whakawhirinaki ngā karaka mamati ki te pumau DC
   • Ka tautuhi anō te AC i ngā tukatuka iti
3. Te Whakaputa Wera
   • Ka puta ngā mate capacitive/inductive i te AC
   • Ka whakaratohia e te DC he whakawhiti hiko whai hua

Ngā Whakaritenga Mahi

Te Huringa Mana mō ngā Pūrere DC

Ngā Tikanga Whakawhiti AC-ki-DC

1. Ngā Āhuatanga Pakitara
   • He mea noa mō ngā hiko iti
   • Kei roto he whakatikatika, he kaiwhakahaere
2. Ngā Pūnaha Hiko ā-Roto
   • Ngā rorohiko, ngā pouaka whakaata
   • Ngā hoahoa aratau whakawhiti
3. Ngā Pūnaha Waka
   • Pūwhakawhitiwhiti + whakatikatika
   • Te whakahaere pākahiko EV

Te Huringa DC-ki-DC

He maha ngā wā e hiahiatia ana kia ōrite te ngaohiko:

• Ngā Kaitahuri Buck(Heke-iho)
• Ngā Kaitahuri Whakarei(Whakapiki-ake)
• Whakarei-Pai(Ngā ahunga e rua)

Tauira: Tērā pea ka taea e te rihi pona USB-C te huri i te 120V AC → 20V DC → 12V/5V DC ina hiahiatia.

Ngā Hangarau Whakawhanake-DC e Puta Ake Ana

1. Ngā whatunga iti DC

• Ngā whare hou e tīmata ana te whakatinanatanga
• Ka whakakotahi i te pūngao rā, ngā pākahiko, ngā taputapu DC

2. Tukunga Hiko USB

• Te whakawhānui ake ki ngā wattage teitei ake
• Paerewa kāinga ā muri ake nei

3. Ngā Pūnaha Rauropi Waka Hiko

• Whakawhiti DC V2H (Waka-ki-Kāinga)
• Te utunga ā-rua

Te tautuhi i ngā taputapu DC-anake

Whakamāramatanga Tapanga

Rapua:

• Ngā tohu "DC Anake"
• Ngā tohu pōraruraru (+/-)
• Ngā tohu hiko me te kore ~, ⎓ rānei

Ngā Tauira Whakauru Mana

1. Hononga Pēra
   • He mea noa i runga i ngā pouara, ngā aroturuki
   • Ngā take pokapū-pai/kino
2. Ngā tauranga USB
   • Mana DC tonu
   • 5V te turanga (tae atu ki te 48V me te PD)
3. Ngā Poraka Whakamutunga
   • Ngā taputapu ahumahi
   • Kua tohua mārama +/-

Ngā Whakaaro Haumaru

Ngā Tūponotanga Motuhake DC

1. Te Oranga o te Āwhata
   • Kāore ngā pewa DC e tineia i a rātou anō pērā i te AC
   • E hiahiatia ana ngā pakaru motuhake
2. Ngā Hapa o te Polarity
   • Ka taea e te hononga whakamuri te kino i ngā taputapu
   • Tirohia anō i mua i te hono atu
3. Ngā Mōrearea Pūhiko
   • Ka taea e ngā pūtake DC te tuku i te au teitei
   • Ngā tūponotanga ahi o te pākahiko lithium

Tirohanga Hītori

Nā te "Pakanga o ngā Iahiko" i waenganui i a Edison (DC) me Tesla/Westinghouse (AC) i toa ai a AC mō te tuku hiko, engari kua hoki mai anō a DC ki te ao o ngā taputapu:

• Ngā tau 1880: Ngā whatunga hiko DC tuatahi
• Ngā tau 1950: I tautoko te hurihanga o te hiko hiko DC i te hurihanga haurua-ārahi
• Ngā tau 2000: Ko te ao matihiko te mea e kaha ai te mana o DC

Te Ao o te Mana DC

Kei te piki haere te whakamahinga o te DC e ngā ia au:

• He pai ake te whai hua mō ngā hikohiko o ēnei rā
• Putanga DC taketake o te pūngao whakahou
• Ngā pokapū raraunga e whakamahi ana i te tohatoha 380V DC
• Te whanaketanga paerewa DC ā-whare pea

Whakamutunga: Te Ao Matua o DC

Ahakoa i toa te AC i te pakanga mō te tuku hiko, kua tino toa te DC i te pakanga mō te whakahaere taputapu. Mai i te waea atamai i roto i tō pēke ki ngā panera rā i runga i tō tuanui, ko te au tika te mana o ā tātou hangarau tino nui. Mā te mārama ki ngā taputapu e hiahia ana ki te DC ka āwhina i:

• Te whiriwhiringa taputapu tika
• Ngā kōwhiringa hiko haumaru
• Te whakamahere pūngao kāinga ā muri ake nei
• Te rapurongoā hangarau

I a tātou e anga whakamua ana ki te kaha whakahou me te whakamahi hiko, ka nui haere te hiranga o te hiko DC. Ko ngā taputapu e whakahuatia ana i konei he tīmatanga noa iho o tētahi ao e whakamahia ana e te hiko DC e oati ana i te pai ake o te mahi me ngā pūnaha hiko māmā ake.