He aha te huarahi iti rawa te utu mō te EV?

Te Mārama ki ngā Utu Whakamahinga EV

I mua i te ruku ki ngā tikanga iti te utu, he mea nui kia mārama ki ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā utu utu EV:

1. Ngā utu hiko (ka rerekē i runga i te wāhi me te wā whakamahinga)
2. Tere utu (Taumata 1, Taumata 2, utu tere DC rānei)
3. Wāhi utu (kāinga, wāhi mahi, teihana tūmatanui rānei)
4. Te kaha o te pākahiko EV (i inehia i roto i te kWh)
5. Te whai hua o te utu (ka ngaro te kaha i te wā e utu ana)

E ai ki te whakatau tata a te Tari Pūngao o Amerika, ko te utu toharite mō te utu i tētahi EV he $0.15 ia kWh, arā, he $0.04 ia maero mō tētahi EV noa. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā waka penehīni he $0.15 ia maero te toharite, kua nui ngā penapena a ngā EV. Engari ka taea e tātou te mahi pai ake.

Ngā Tikanga Utu EV Utu iti rawa te utu kua whakarārangihia

1. Te Utu Kāinga me ngā Utu Hiko Kāore i te Piki

Ko te huarahi tino iti rawa hei utu i tō waka hiko ko te noho ki te kāinga i ngā wā kore-pīki mena kei te tuku utu wā-o-te-whakamahinga (TOU) tō kamupene hiko. Anei te take:

• He iti ake ngā utu hiko: He iti ake te utu a te nuinga o ngā ratonga hiko mō te hiko e whakamahia ana i te pō (he maha ngā wā he iti iho i te 50-70% i ngā utu tino pai).
• Kāore he utu tāpiri: Kāore i rite ki ngā rihi tūmatanui, ko te utu hiko anake ka utua e koe, kāore he utu ratonga.
• Ngāwari: E ara ake ana koe me te waka kua kī tonu i ia ata

Me pēhea te whakarite i tēnei:

• Tāutahia he rihi hiko kāinga Taumata 2 (240V)
• Whakauru atu ki te mahere utu TOU a tō kamupene ratonga
• Whakamaheretia tō waka hiko, tō rihi hiko rānei kia mahi noa i ngā wā kore-pīki (mai i te 9pm ki te 6am te nuinga o te wā)

Tauira utu: I California me te mahere utu EV2-A a PG&E, ko te utu utu mō te utu i waho o te wā pīki he $0.25/kWh, ki te whakaritea ki te $0.45/kWh i ngā wā pīki. Mō te pākahiko 60kWh, he penapena $12 tēnā mō ia utunga katoa.

2. Utu Koreutu i te Wāhi Mahi

He maha ngā kaitukumahi e tāuta ana i ngā teihana utu waka EV hei painga mō ngā kaimahi. Ko ēnei te nuinga o te wā:

• He kore utu te whakamahi
• Ngā rihi taumata 2 ka taea te whakakī katoa i tō waka i ngā hāora mahi
• E wātea ana i runga i te kaupapa tuatahi-haere mai, tuatahi-mahi

Mena kei tō wāhi mahi tēnei painga, ka taea e ia te whakakore katoa i ngā utu utu mō tō kāinga. Kei te tāutahia e ētahi kamupene he utu tere DC mō ngā kaimahi.

3. Ngā Teihana Utu Koreutu a te Iwi

Ahakoa kua iti haere te rongonui, he maha tonu ngā wāhi e tuku ana i te utunga EV kore utu:

• Ngā pokapū hokohoko me ngā toa hokohoko (hei kukume i ngā kaihoko)
• Ngā hōtera me ngā wāhi hararei (mō ngā manuhiri)
• Ētahi wāhi ā-tāone (whare pukapuka, pāka, whare taone)
• Ngā kaihokohoko waka (he maha ngā wā mō ngā waka hiko katoa, ehara i te mea mō ā rātou waitohu anake)

Ka taea e ngā paetukutuku pēnei i a PlugShare te āwhina i a koe ki te kimi i ngā teihana utu kore utu i tō rohe. Ko te painga ko ēnei he utu Taumata 2, arā, me waiho e koe tō waka kia tū mō ngā haora maha.

4. Te Whakautu Kāinga e Mana Ana i te Rā

Mena kei a koe ngā panera rā, kei te tāuta rānei koe i ēnei, ka taea e koe te utu i tō waka hiko me te pūngao ma, kore utu. Ngā āhuatanga ōhanga:

• Te utu ā-mua: Me nui te haumitanga mō ngā pūnaha pūngao rā ($15,000-$25,000)
• Penapena mō te wā roa: I muri i te wā utu (te tikanga 5-8 tau), kua kore he utu mō tō "wahie".
• Ngā whiwhinga taake ā-motu: Ka tukuna e te US he whiwhinga taake 30% mō ngā whakaurunga pūngao rā tae noa ki te tau 2032

Mō te hua nui rawa atu, honoa te pūngao rā me te pūnaha pākahiko kāinga hei penapena i te whakaputanga taikaha mō te utu i te pō.

5. Ngā Whakahekenga me ngā Mema Whatunga Tūmatanui

He maha ngā whatunga utu e tuku ana i ngā utu iti mō ngā mema:

• Electrify America Pass+: $4/marama ka iti ake ngā utu utu mā te 25%
• Mema EVgo: $6.99/marama ka whakaitihia ngā utu mā te 20% pea
• ChargePoint Home: Ka tukuna e ētahi hononga ratonga he utu whakaheke mō te utu kāinga

Ki te whakamahi auau koe i ēnei whatunga, ka tere te utu o te mema.

6. Te Utu Taumata 2 a te Iwi

Ahakoa he puhoi ake i te utu tere DC, he iti ake te utu mō ia kWh o ngā teihana Taumata 2 tūmatanui. He rite te utu o te nuinga ki ngā utu hiko kāinga, he rerekē ki ngā utu tere e nui ana ngā utu.

Te Whakataurite i ngā Utu Utu: He Wehewehenga Taipitopito

Me tirotiro tātou i te utu hei utu katoa i tētahi pākahiko EV 60kWh noa (tata ki te 200-250 maero te tawhiti) mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga rerekē:

*E whakaaro ana ko te waka penehīni 30mpg te utu mō te $3/karani, ā, ko te waka hiko e whiwhi ana i te 4 maero/kWh*

Ngā Rautaki Utu Atamai hei Penapena Ake

Haunga te whiriwhiri i ngā wāhi me ngā wā tika hei utu, ka taea e ēnei rautaki te whakaiti ake i ō utu:

1. Whakarei i tō pākahiko: Mā te whakamahana i te pākahiko i a koe e mono ana i te pākahiko ka pai ake te utu
2. Utu ki te 80%: Ka puhoi ake te utu o ngā 20% whakamutunga, ā, ka iti ake te whai huatanga
3. Whakamahia te utu kua whakaritea: Whakamaherehia tō waka hiko kia utu i ngā wā utu iti rawa anake
4. Ngā kaupapa ratonga aroturuki: He maha e tuku ana i ngā utu motuhake mō ngā EV, i ngā whakahokinga utu rānei mō te tāutanga rihi kāinga.
5. Whakakotahitia te utu me ngā mahi: Whakamahia ngā utu tūmatanui kore utu i a koe e hokohoko ana, e kai ana rānei

Ngā Utu Huna hei Whakaaroaro

I a koe e arotahi ana ki ngā tikanga utu iti te utu, kaua e warewarehia:

• Tāutanga rihi kāinga: $500-$2,000 mō te rihi Taumata 2 me te tāutanga ngaio
• Ngā utu mō te kore whakamahi a te iwi: He maha ngā whatunga e utu ana mēnā kāore koe e neke i tō waka i muri i te otinga o te utunga
• Hauora o te pākahiko: Mā te utu tere DC auau ka tere ake te whakaiti i te kaha o ngā pākahiko, ka nui ake pea te utu mō te wā roa.

Ngā Auahatanga o te Ao mō te Utu EV Utu iti

Kei te whanake tonu te āhua o te utunga waka hiko, me ētahi whanaketanga ka taea te whakaiti i te utu:

1. Hangarau Waka-ki-Whatunga (V2G): Tērā pea ka taea e koe te hoko atu i te hiko nui mai i tō EV ki te whatunga hiko i ngā wā pīki.
2. Hangarau pākahiko kua whakapaitia: Mā te utu tere ake me te roa ake o te ora ka whakaiti i ngā utu
3. Te nui ake o ngā utu i te wāhi mahi: I te tipu haere o te whakamahinga, ka nui ake ngā kaitukumahi e tuku ana i ngā utu kore utu
4. Te tipu o te pūngao hou: Mā te kaha o te rā me te hau ka pumau ngā utu hiko

Whakamutunga: Te Rautaki Utu Utu Tino Utu

I muri i te arotake i ngā kōwhiringa katoa, ko te huarahi tino whai hua mō te nuinga o ngā kaipupuri EV ko:

1. Te utunga matua: I te kāinga i ngā wā kore-pīki me te utunga Taumata 2
2. Te utunga tuarua: Whakamahia te utunga kore utu i te wāhi mahi, i te utunga tūmatanui rānei ina wātea
3. Whakamahinga i ētahi wā: Te utu tere DC anake ina hiahiatia mō ngā haerenga roa
4. Te whakamahere ā meake nei: Whakaarohia ngā panera rā mēnā kei a koe tō whare mō te utunga kore utu

Mā te whakakotahi i ēnei tikanga, he maha ngā taraiwa EV e kī ana he $200-300 noa iho te utu ia tau mō te "wahie" ki te whakarite ki te $1,500-$2,000 mō ngā waka penehīni rite. I te whanaketanga tonu o ngā utu hiko me ngā whatunga utu, mā te noho mōhio ki ngā kaupapa me ngā hangarau hou ka āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te rautaki utu iti rawa puta noa i tō wheako pupuri EV.

Kia maumahara, ko te tikanga utu nui rawa atu he iti ake te utu i te penehīni, nō reira ahakoa te āhua o te utu, kei te penapena moni koe me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau. Ko te mea nui ko te kimi i te taurite tika o te watea me te utu e pai ana mō ō tikanga taraiwa me tō momo noho.