Kei te tere haere tonu te mākete waka hiko o te UK – ā, ahakoa te korenga o ngā maramara, he iti noa te tohu e whakaatu ana i te hekenga o te taputapu:
I hipa a Haina i a Ūropi kia noho ko ia te mākete nui rawa atu mō ngā waka hiko i te wā o te mate urutā – ā, ko te tau 2020 te tau rekoata mō ngā waka hiko.
Kua whakapuakina e tētahi atu kamupene waka nui, a Toyota, tōnao whakapau $13.6 piriona ki ngā pākahiko EV i te tau 2030, ā, ka whakawhānui ake i tana whanaketanga ongā waka hiko e whakamahia ana e te pākahiko.
I eke te hokonga o ngā waka ranu mono-roto me ngā waka hiko katoa i Peretānia Nui ki te 85% o ngā hokonga tīhiera i te marama o Hune 2021, ā, e āhua ana ka eke ki te taumata teitei ake.whakapūmau i te mutunga o te tau.
Me utu ēnei waka ki tētahi wāhi – ā, koinei te wāhi e uru mai ai koe, me tō otinga pūnaha utu EV hou.
I te wā e whakamahere ana i tō whanaketanga, tera pea he kōwhiringa ngāwari te huri ki te huinga wāhanga iti rawa te utu. Heoi, kia tūpato - ka arahi pea tēnei ki te kore pono, ka nui atu te utu i ngā penapena tuatahi i te hanganga. Ina koa, ko te kounga pai o te hiko, ngā wāhanga whakawhiti me ngā tūhono he mea nui ki te hanga EVSE pono (Ngā Taputapu Tuku Waka Hiko).
Pānuihia tonutia i a mātou e whakarato ana i tētahi tirohanga whānui mō ngā mahi nui e hiahiatia ana hei whakawhanake angitu i tētahi pūnaha utu me te whatunga EV. I roto i tēnei aratohu, ka hipokina e mātou te whanaketanga o ngā utu atamai. Kei konei ngā take mō tēnei.
Tō Aratohu Matua ki a Desite whakamahi i tētahi Pūnaha Utu EV
Ngā Ihirangi:
Hipanga 1. He aha koe?
Hipanga 2: He aha te momo rihi?
Hipanga 3: Te whiriwhiri i tētahi ūnga
Hipanga 4: Te tango i te ao
Hipanga 5: te koiora o te pūwāhi utu
Hipanga 6: Pūmanawa pūnaha utu EV
Hipanga 7: Whatunga
Hipanga 8: Te haere i te maero tāpiri
Whakamutunga
Hipanga 1: He aha koe?
Koinei te pātai tuatahi me pātai koe ki a koe anō mai i te tirohanga pakihi.
Kāore te whai wāhitanga e riteangitu whānui, ā, kei te piki haere te kikī o te mākete utu hiko. Koinei te pātai ka pātaihia e ngā kiritaki ina arotakehia tō hua, nō reira he mea nui kia whai USP tō otinga – he āhuatanga hokohoko ahurei – ā, kei te whakaoti rapanga.
Te wāhi mō tētahi atu o wahoHe iti noa te utu pouaka ma o te whata hiko, ā, he haumitanga nui ngā pūnaha utu EV, nō reira he mea nui te whai huarahi auaha.
Mō ētahi kamupene, ko te mea e rerekē ai, he nui ake te aro ki te huarahi ki te mākete, kaua ki te hua tonu.
Hipanga 2: He aha te momo rihi?
E rua ngā momo matua o te rihi EV:
ūnga – ngā rihi AC puhoi, e whakamahia ana mō te utunga kāinga
i te ara – he rihi DC tere, he kaha teitei mō ngā wā utu tere ake
He iti ake te utu, he māmā ake hoki te whakawhanake i tētahi rihi AC. Waihoki, ko te nuinga o te mahi ka whakapaua e koe ki tētahi otinga AC ka whai hua tonu i te whakawhanaketanga o tētahi teihana utu tere DC.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko te nuinga o ngā rihi hiko EV ka whakamahia he AC mō te wā roa – i te mutunga o te tau 2019, 11% noa iho o ngā rihi Ūropi he DC. Heoi anō, he nui ake te whakataetae i roto i te rāngai AC.
Hei tīmatanga, me kī tātou kua whiriwhiria e koe te whakawhanake i tētahi rihi hiko ūnga. Ka kitea ēnei i ngā ara waka mō te utu hiko kāinga, i ngā tari, i ngā wāhi waka noho roa me ētahi atu wāhi ka waihohia ngā waka mō te roa atu i te rua hāora.
Hipanga 3: Te whiriwhiri i tētahi ūnga
Ko te nuinga o te ao hanganga EV kei te uru atu ki te 'whakataetae-ki-te-raro', e ngana ana ki te hoko i te utu iti kia uru atu ai ki te mākete nui o roto.
He haumitanga nui te hoko waka hiko – ahakoa he waka ranu mono-mai (PHEV) he waka hiko pākahiko rānei (BEV) – mō te katoa.
Ahakoa ehara i te mea ohorere te utu o te rihi hiko, e kiia ana he mea "me whai" āwangawanga. Nā tēnei whakaaro, me te maha o ngā rihi hiko e hokona ana e ngā kaihanga whare, e ngā kaiwhakauru rānei, tera pea ka whiriwhiria e ngā kaihoko te kōwhiringa iti rawa te utu.
Ko tētahi atu taha o te mākete e aro ana ki ngā kiritaki arumoni me ngā rōpū kaipuke.
Ko ngā kirimana utu nui ake he mea nui ake te roa o te ora me te kounga. Me whai mana anō hoki ēnei otinga arumoni, inā koa ko ērā mō te utu ā-iwi, me whai kohi moni whiwhi, ā, ko te tikanga me whai pūmanawa OCPP [Open Charge Point Protocol] me tētahi whakaurunga RFID.
E tika ana kia pakari ake ngā rihi arumoni i ō rātou hoa o te kāinga.
Mō te wā roa, he maha ngā momo hokohoko ka tukuna e tō pakihi, engari ehara i te mea ngāwari te whakawhanake i tētahi pūnaha utu EV katoa.
Ngā Hongere Hoko me te Ara-ki-te-Mākete
Mā te tīmata ki tētahi mākete ūnga ka whakapai ake i tō tupono ki te angitu.
He tino whakataetae te mākete mō ngā rihi hiko, nō reira me whai hongere hokohoko koe ki te mākete hei tuku painga ki runga ake i ō hoa whakataetae.
Hipanga 4: Te tango i te ao…
…Kāore rānei. He tokomaha o koutou e rangahau ana i tētahi kaupapa utu EV ka whakamahia ki te whakamātautau i ngā ture, mō ngā rohe maha pea.
Engari, he nui ake te wā me te utu mō ngā pūwāhi utu EV i ngā hua hiko noa. Haunga ngā paerewa EVSE, he rerekē anō hoki i ia whenua, tae atu ki ngā poraka hokohoko pērā i te EU. Hei pakihi, he mea tino nui te tautuhi i ō rohe whāinga me ō rātou ture e pā ana i te tīmatanga.
Haunga ngā paerewa utu hiko EVSE, he ture waea anō ā ngā whenua e whakatau ana i te hononga o ngā taputapu matua ki te whatunga hiko. I te UK ko te BS7671 tēnei.
Ka pā tika ēnei ture ki te hoahoa o te rihi.
Parenga Kūpapa Pakaru
Hei kamupene nō te UK, ko tētahi ture kei a mātou e hāngai ana ki tēnei whenua, ko te Parenga Kore Pakaru. He take tautohenga nui tēnei i roto i te mākete utu hiko o te UK nā runga i ngā paerewa waea o te UK me ngā raruraru me ngā take hangarau e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o ngā tokotoko whenua.
Mena kei te whakaaro tō pakihi ki te hoko atu ki te mākete o te UK, me wikitoria tēnei wero hoahoa.
Pūnaha Utu EV kikorangi whakarāpopototanga
Hipanga 5: Te koiora o te pūwāhi utu
E toru ngā wāhanga ā-tinana o te hoahoa rihi EV: te anga, te taura me ngā hikohiko.
I te wā e hoahoa ana i ēnei āhuatanga, kia maumahara he nui te utu o ēnei hanganga, ā, me roa hoki.
Ahakoa he pakihi, he takitahi rānei, ka tumanako ngā kiritaki ka roa te whakamahi i ngā rihi hiko mō ngā tau maha, ā, he iti noa iho ngā mahi tiaki.
Ko te pono te mea nui.
Te anga
Ko te hoahoa o te kete he huinga o te ataahua, te utu me ngā whakataunga mahi.
Ka rerekē te rahi i runga i te maha o ngā tūhono me te mana o te rihi hiko. Ko ētahi o ngā kōwhiringa me whai whakaaro ko:
He pouaka pakitara rānei, he wae tū rānei, he mea rerekē rānei?
He mea nui te tirohanga a te tangata ki tētahi rihi, me huna, me tū motuhake rānei?
Me ārai rānei i ngā mahi kino?
Rahi? Hei tauira, kei te whakataetae te mākete ki te hanga i te rihi utu iti rawa.
Whakatauranga IP – ka taea e te wai te whakangaro i te rihi.
Ataahua – mai i te iti o te utu tae atu ki te papai (hei tauira, te rakau)
Me pēhea te tāutanga o te kēhi?
E rua ngā wāhanga o te tāutanga, hei tauira, ka whakapūmauhia te whāriki pakitara e te kaihanga whare i mua i te tāutanga o te rihi hiko? Ka mahia tēnei hei whakaiti i te kino me te tahae, me ngā utu hoki a te kaihanga whare.
Pūmau taura: he maha ngā hapa utu here e puta mai ana i ngā mono utu kua pakaru, kua mākū rānei mai i ngā pūmau taura kāore i te pai te tāuta.
Hei hua mō waho, me whai whakatauranga IP anō hoki te pouaka, ā, me whai wāhi hoki mō ngā taura nunui.
Te taura
Haunga te kawe i ngā iahiko teitei i waenga i te waka me te rihi, ka tiaki anō te taura utu i ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i ngā mea e rua.
E waru ngā paerewa hononga rerekē e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā, puta noa i te AC me te DC – he rerekē i ia waitohu ki ia waitohu, i ia rohe hoki.
Kāore anō kia tino mārama ngā paerewa o te heke mai, nō reira kia mahara ki te rangahau i te paerewa o nāianei anake, me te rangahau anō hoki i te āhua o te paerewa i roto i ngā tau torutoru e haere ake nei ina whiriwhiria ana he aha hei tautoko.
Ka taea te hanga i ngā taura utu mā te whakamahi i ngā taura here, kāore rānei i herea. He pai ake te whakamahi i te taura tuatahi, engari ka maukati i te taura ki tētahi momo hononga motuhake. He ngāwari ake ngā kōwhiringa kāore i herea, ā, ka taea e te kaiwhakamahi te whai taura e rite ana ki tā rātou waka, heoi, me whai tikanga maukati tēnei.
Haunga ngā taura o waho, me whai whakaaro anō hoki ki ngā taura o roto i te hoahoa ā-ringa, nā te mea he nunui rawa pea ngā taura e hiahiatia ana nā te kaha.
Ngā Hikohiko
I tōna tino kaupapa, ko te rihi hiko AC he pana hiko e whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ana i waenga i te waka me te rihi hiko. Ko tōna kaupapa matua ko te haumaru hiko, me te kaha ki te whakawhāiti i te mana e whakamahia ana e te waka.
Kei OpenEVSE tētahi whakatakotoranga EVSE tino māmā – e mōhiotia ana rātou. Ko te papa EEL a Versinetic tētahi atu huarahi arumoni hei whakakapi i tēnei.
Ko tētahi atu wāhanga matua e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi pūwāhi utu atamai AC māmā ko tētahi kaiwhakahaere whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, e kitea pinepine ana hei rorohiko papa kotahi. Ko te papa MantaRay a Versinetic tētahi tauira o tēnei. Kātahi ka taea e koe te whakaoti i tētahi pūnaha utu me ngā whakapā me ngā RCD (te turuturu AC me te DC) hei haumaru.
Ka tāpirihia e ngā rihi atamai ngā whakawhitiwhitinga kōrero ki te rihi kia taea ai e te rihi te hono atu ki tētahi whatunga e whakahaerehia ana e te kapua.
Ko te whiriwhiringa o ngā whakawhitiwhitinga kōrero e whakawhirinaki ana ki te taiao whakamutunga o te rihi. Ka whiriwhiria e ētahi kaiwhakawhanake te Wi-Fi, te GSM rānei, engari i ētahi wā, he pai ake ngā paerewa waea pēnei i te RS485, i te Ethernet rānei.
Tērā pea he papa tāpiri hei whakahaere i ngā whakaaturanga, ngā whakamanatanga me ētahi atu, i runga i te matatau o te pūnaha.
He mea nui tēnei hei whakaaroaro māu i te wā e whakamahere ana i ngā taputapu hiko o tō pūnaha utu EV.
Ka wera te pūwero, ngā whakawhiti me ngā whakapā ina kī tonu te utu. Me whai whakaaro ki tēnei i roto i te hoahoa ahumahi, nā te mea ka taea e te whakamahana te whakapoto i te roa o te ora o te wāhanga. He tino ngoikore te pūwero nā te mea ka taea te pā ki ngā āhuatanga o te rangi me ngā huringa hononga ka pakaru.
Ngā take taiao – whānuitanga o te pāmahana whakahaere
Ka hangaia tō EVSE mō te whakamahi i ngā pāmahana tino kino? Ko te awhe pāmahana paerewa o ngā waeine arumoni ko te 0-70 C, ko te awhe pāmahana ahumahi ia ko te -40 ki te +85.
Whakaarohia tēnei i te wā e taea ai i roto i tō whanaketanga.
Hipanga 6: Pūmanawa pūnaha utu EV
Ko te poraka whakawhanake pūmanawa e hiahia ana kia tutuki i ngā paerewa maha, ā, koinei pea te wāhanga o te kaupapa e pau ana te wā.
He taitamariki tonu te mākete waka hiko, ā, he maha ngā paerewa me ngā ture kei te huri tonu, kei te whakahoutia hoki. Me whai pūnaha whakahou pono tō pūnaha utu hei whakahaere i tēnei, nā te mea he uaua ki te matapae i ngā huringa katoa ka puta.
Mena kei te whakamahere koe i tētahi whatunga o tētahi tauine, me mahi tēnei mā te whakamahi i te OTA (ngā whakahōungatanga ā-rangi). Ka puta mai ētahi atu wero haumarutanga – he āwangawanga nui ake mō te hoahoa o te pūnaha utu EV.
Ngā aukati pūmanawa rihi EV
Pūmanawa
Ko te pūmanawa whakauru e whakahaere ana i ngā mīhini kāwanatanga e tahuri ana, e whakaweto ana hoki i te rihi.
IEC 61851
Ko te kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero taketake rawa atu e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha utu AC Momo 1 me te Momo 2 i waenga i te rihi me te waka. Ko ngā mōhiohio e whakawhitiwhitihia ana i konei ko te wā ka tīmata te utu, ka mutu me te iahiko e kohia ana e te waka.
OCPP
He paerewa ā-ao tēnei mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mō te rihi me te tari o muri, i hangaia e te Open Charge Alliance (OCA). Ko te putanga hou ko te 2.0.1, engari ka taea te whakatutuki i te utu atamai taketake mā te OCPP 1.6.
Ka taea te whakamātautau i te OCPP hei ratonga e te OCA, e ngā OCA Plugfests rānei, e tū ana i te 2-3 wā i te tau, ā, ka taea e koe te whakamātautau i tō pūnaha ki ngā kaiwhakarato tari-muri me te paerewa OCPP.
Kei roto i ngā whakaritenga OCPP ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana, me ngā āhuatanga kōwhiringa anō hoki, mai i te whakahaere rihi taketake ki te haumarutanga me ngā whakaritenga taumata teitei. Me whiriwhiri e koe te taumata OCPP e hiahiatia ana e koe, me ngā wāhanga o ngā paerewa e hiahiatia ana e koe hei tautoko mō tō tono.
Atanga tukutuku me te taupānga
Me whakahaere te whirihoranga o te rihi me te rēhitatanga tuatahi, mā te kaiwhakahaere whatunga me te kaiwhakauru. He maha ngā huarahi hei mahi i tēnei, engari he mea noa te whakamahi i te atanga tukutuku, i te taupānga rānei.
Te tautoko i ngā SIM
Mena kei te whakamahi koe i tētahi waeine GSM, me whakaaro koe ki te whenua e hokona ana te hua, nā te mea he rerekē ngā paerewa GSM i waenga i ngā whenua, ā, kei te huri haere i tēnei wā nā te mea kua whakawetohia ngā paerewa tawhito (hei tauira, 3G) ka whakamahia ngā paerewa hou ake – pērā i te LTE-CATM.
Me whakahaere hoki ngā kirimana SIM kia kore ai e pāngia te kiritaki e ngā whakapaunga. Mō ngā kirimana SIM, me whai whakaaro koe ki te whenua.
Te whakarato i tō rihi
He wāhanga nui o te mahi pūmanawa te whakatinanatanga o te rihi, inā koa mēnā kāore te rihi e tautoko i te hononga GSM, ā, me hono atu ki tētahi whatunga ā-rohe. Mā te mahi i tēnei ka nui te rerekētanga ki te wheako o te kiritaki.
Kia mōhio koe, ko te kaihoko pea he kaihoko whakamutunga, he kaiwhakauru ngaio rānei, i runga i te mākete ūnga. Mō te mākete kaihoko, me ngāwari te hono atu o te rihi hiko ki te whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te aroturuki hoki, hei tauira, mai i tētahi taupānga.
Haumarutanga – he aha ngā taumata e whakamahere ana koe mō tō rihi?
He kaupapa wera te haumarutanga whai muri i ngā whakaekenga ransomware IoT, ā, he nui ngā take e whakaaro ai tātou ka noho ngā whatunga utu hei whāinga mō ngā whakaekenga rite ā muri ake nei nā te mea he nui ngā kino ka puta mai i taua whakaekenga. Ka rerekē te paerewa i runga i te whenua o te whakaurunga.
Hipanga 6: Te pūmanawa
Tata ki te katoa o ngā taputapu utu hiko atamai kei roto i tētahi whatunga. Ko ētahi tauira ko Ecotricity me BP Pulse. Ka honoa katoatia ēnei taputapu utu ki tētahi Pūnaha Whakahaere Teihana Utu (CSMS), ki tētahi tari muri rānei.
Hei kaihanga utu, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri ki te whakawhanake i tō otinga tari-muri, ki te utu rānei i te utu raihana mō tētahi otinga tuatoru. Kua mahi tahi a Versinetic me Saascharge; ko ētahi atu tauira ko Allego me has.to.be.
Mā te CSMS ka taea:
Te hokohoko i ngā pūwāhi utu
Te whakataurite i ngā kawenga puta noa i ngā rihi i roto i te rohe
Te whakahaere mamao i ngā rihi, mā te whakamahi i tētahi taupānga hei tauira
Te mahi tahi i waenga i ngā whatunga
Te aro turuki i te mana tiaki
Hei tauira, kei reira ētahi atu huarahi kē atu – pērā i ngā whatunga e whakahaerehia ana e te rohe – e tika ana pea mō te utu waka i ngā waka a ngā kahui tūmataiti.
Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga e whai hua ai te mana whakahaere ā-rohe ko ngā wāhi he ngoikore te tohu, me ngā whatunga e matua ana te taurite tere o te kawenga – hei tauira, ina kore e pono te pūtake hiko.
I roto i te horopaki o ā mātou taputapu, tera pea kua whakauruhia te OCPP ki te kaiwhakahaere whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ā, i muri mai ka tūhuratia e mātou te utunga DC, ka whakauruhia hoki te ISO 15118. Nō reira, ko tētahi o ngā whakaritenga matua mō te papa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ko tētahi kaiwhakahaere iti e kaha ana ki te whakahaere i te OCPP me ētahi atu whare pukapuka pūmanawa.
Hipanga 8: Te haere i te maero tāpiri
Ngā hangarau tāpiri hei tāpiri atu ki tō otinga utu.
He wāhanga noa iho
Ko te nuinga o ngā pūwāhi utu e whakamahi ana i te mana kotahi-wāhanga mō te utu; heoi, ko ētahi pūnaha utu e whakamahi ana i te mana 3-wāhanga hei whakanui ake i ngā tere utu. Hei tauira, ka taea te utu i te Renault Zoe ki te 22kW hei utu mō te 7.4kW ina whakamahi ana i te 3-wāhanga.
Ngā Painga
He tere ake te utunga o tēnei hiko, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i te hangarau AC, ā, i ētahi wā ka kore e hiahiatia he rihi DC.
Ngā ngoikoretanga
He raruraru nui ake te tuku hiko me te whakahaere whatunga hiko: kāore he urunga o te nuinga o ngā whare ki te hiko 3-wāhanga, kāore hoki he whānui o te hononga hiko mō tēnei tere utu. Me whakauru hoki ngā whakapā 3-wāhanga me ngā whakawhiti hiko ki roto i te hoahoa whakahaere utu.
Ko ētahi waka anake e tautoko ana i te utunga 3-wāhanga i tēnei wā, engari ka pai ake tēnei i te mea ka tukuna mai he maha atu ngā tauira waka hiko.
He nui te kawenga e haere tahi ana me te mana nui; he ture anō kei reira mō te whakamahinga o ngā āhua, hei tauira, ko te hurihanga āhua he whakaritenga i Nōwei. Pērā i ngā ture katoa, he rerekē ēnei ture i ia rohe.
Te hiahia mō te tere
Kua tae ki te wā ki te kōrero ki te hunga e noho ana i roto i te rūma… me te kōrero mō DC.
I roto i te pūwāhi utu DC, he rite tonu te āhua ki tōna pūwāhi utu AC; heoi, he teitei ake te ngaohiko me te ia, e tīmata ana i te 50kW pea.
I te wā e utu ana mā te pūwāhi utu AC, ka kōrero te kaiwhakahaere utu ki te inverter kei roto i te waka e huri ana i te mana AC ki te mana DC hei utu i te pākahiko EV. He iti noa te nui o te iahiko ka taea e tēnei inverter te whakahaere, koia te take he puhoi ake te AC i te utu DC.
Mō ngā rihi hiko DC, kei roto i te rihi tēnei kaitahuri, e utaina ana tētahi wāhanga utu nui, taumaha hoki o te tatūnga rihi katoa ki te huarahi.
He rerekē anō hoki ngā paerewa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
Ngā Momo Hononga
Pērā i ngā pūnaha utu AC kei a rātou te Momo 1 J1772, Momo 2 me ētahi atu, kei a rātou anō hoki te Momo utu DCCHAdeMO, CCS me Tesla.
Kua kitea i ngā tau tata neiCHAdeMOte hekenga ki te tautoko i te CCS, kua whakamahia nei e te nuinga o ngā kaihanga waka o te uru. Heoi,CHAdeMOkua honoa inaianei ki Haina, te mākete EV nui rawa atu o te ao, ā, kei te hiahia a Kōrea ki te Tonga ki te whakauru atu.
Ko te kaupapa tēnei he mahi tahi ki te whakawhanake iCHAdeMO3.0 me te paerewa Hainamana hou a ChaoJi, e kaha ana ki te utu i te mana neke atu i te 500kW, ā, he hototahi ki ngā paerewa CHAdeMO, CCS, me GB/T.
CHAdeMOkoinei anake te paerewa utu hiko DC kua whakauruhia te kaha rere hiko rua-aronga mō te V2G (Waka-ki-te-Whatunga). Ā, i te UK, tera pea ka rongonui te V2G nā te hiahia hou o Ofgem, te kaiwhakahaere pūngao o te UK.
Hei kaiwhakawhanake rihi EV, nā tēnei ka uaua ake te whakatau ko ēhea ngā kawa hei tautoko.
TeCHAdeMOKa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero te kawa ki te waka mā te atanga CAN hei whakahaere i te haumaru me te tuku i ngā tawhā pākahiko.
Ko te hononga CCS he mea hanga mai i tētahi hononga Momo 1, Momo 2 rānei me tētahi hononga DC tāpiri i raro. Nō reira, kei te whakahaerehia tonutia ngā whakawhitiwhitinga kōrero taketake e ai ki te IEC 61851. Ka whakahaerehia ngā whakawhitiwhitinga kōrero taumata teitei mā te whakamahi i ngā hononga tāpiri, mā te whakamahi i te DIN SPEC 70121 me te ISO/IEC 15118. Mā te ISO 15118 ka taea te utu 'mono-ā-ringa', ka oti aunoa ngā whakamanatanga me te utu, me te kore he taunekeneke a te taraiwa.
He poraka pūmanawa nui ēnei e haere mai ana me te OCPP me te IEC 16851 e pā ana ki te mahi whakawhanake tāpiri mō ngā rihi DC, ā, ko tēnei, me te iti o ngā hoko me te utu BOM teitei ake, ka kitea i roto i te utu hokohoko, tae atu ki te £30,000, kaua ki te £500 mō te rihi AC.
Ngā pūngao whakahou i te ara katoa
Kāore i te tawhiti rawa, ka nui haere te ao ka whakamahia te hiko hou hei whakakaha.
Ina koa, kei te whakamahia e ētahi whatunga utu hiko hiko ā-hiko (EV) te hiko o te rā (Spring PV) hei whakakaha i ā rātou otinga. Mēnā ka whakaratohia tō otinga ki te whakamahi i te pūngao o te rā me ētahi atu puna whakahou, ka nui ake te mākete ka taea. Me whai pūnaha taurite kawenga kaha tēnei, me ētahi atu āhuatanga, hei whakaaro mō te āhua o te hiko o te rā e kore e mutu.
Te whakamahi i te mana ā-rohe
Tāpiri atu ki te whakarato hiko pūngao rā, ko te āheinga o ngā rihi hiko waka rererangi (EV) ki te whakamahi i te hiko ā-rohe, te hiko pūngao rā, me ētahi atu momo hiko kē atu rānei. Ka taea te hanga i te pūwāhi utu kia kitea ai ngā momo pūtake hiko rerekē, kia taurite ai hoki tetahi ki tetahi kia pai ai te utu me te pono.
Whakamutunga
Nā te horapa haere o ngā kaupapa hei whawhai i te huringa āhuarangi puta noa i te ao, e mārama ana ko ngā waka hiko me ngā pūnaha kawe tangata matomato te heke mai.
Heoi, ko te harikoa ki te whai wāhitanga e tukuna ana e te mākete nekeneke hiko hihiri, tere hoki, me whakangawari mā te huarahi tupato, whai tikanga hoki ki te whakamahere, ki te whakawhanake me te tuku i tō otinga utu EV.
Ko te tumanako ka kitea e koe he whai hua tēnei aratohu hei whakamōhio atu ki a koe mō ētahi o ngā uauatanga o te hanga i tō EVSE.
Ahakoa kei te mahi tahi koe me tō ake tīma whakawhanake, me tētahi kamupene tohutohu hoahoa utu EV rānei pērā i a Versinetic, mā te whai i tētahi USP mārama me te mākete ūnga, me te mataara hoki ki tō kaupapa me te whakahaere whakaputa, ka hoatu he turanga pai ki a koe mō tētahi huarahi angitu ki te mākete.
Me hiahia koe ki tētahi pūmanawa pūnaha utu EV, he taputapu, he tohutohu, he whakapai ake rānei i te hoahoa?
Te Whakatinana i te Kawa OCPP i roto i tō Hanganga Utu EV!
Mena he kaihanga rihi EV koe, he pakihi rānei e hiahia ana ki te whakatinana i te kawa OCPP ki roto i tō hanganga utu, pānuihia tēnei tuhinga hei aratohu mō ētahi whakaaro matua.
Ko te Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) he paerewa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e mōhiotia whānuitia ana puta noa i te ao, e tautuhi ana i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i te Taputapu Tuku Waka Hiko (EVSE) me te Pūnaha Whakahaere Teihana Utu (CSMS).
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā mahi pai rawa atu mō te whakatinana i te OCPP i roto i tō hanganga utu EV me pēhea te wikitoria i ngā wero ka pā mai.
Rārangi o ngā ihirangi
Ngā Painga o te Whakatinana i te Kawa OCPP i roto i tō Hanganga Utu EV
Ngā Tikanga Pai o te Whakatinanatanga OCPP
Te wikitoria i ngā wero
Ngā kai hei tango
Me hiahia tautoko hangarau mō tō whakatinanatanga OCPP?
Ngā Painga o te Whakatinana i te Kawa OCPP i roto i tō Hanganga Utu EV
He maha ngā painga o te OCPP mō tō pūnaha utu EV, tae atu ki:
Te Mahi Tahi me te Hototahi: Mā te OCPP ka taea te mahi tahi me te hototahi i waenga i te EVSE me te CSMS mai i ngā kaihanga rerekē. Ko te tikanga tēnei ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi EV te neke i waenga i ngā kaiwhakahaere pūwāhi utu rerekē me te kore e hiahia ki te whakakapi i ā rātou rihi.
Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Haumaru, Whakamunatia hoki: Mā te OCPP ka taea te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero haumaru, whakamunatia hoki i waenga i te EVSE me te CSMS, kia kore ai te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e haukotihia, e whakarerekētia rānei e te hunga kāore i whakamanahia.
Aroturuki me te Whakahaere Mamao: Mā te OCPP ka taea te aroturuki me te whakahaere mamao i ngā teihana utu, ka taea ai e ngā kaiwhakahaere o ngā pūwāhi utu te whakahaere me te aroturuki i ā rātou hanganga utu mai i tētahi wāhi pokapū.
Whakawhitiwhiti Raraunga me te Aroturuki Wā-tūturu: Mā te OCPP ka taea te whakawhiti raraunga me te aroturuki i te tukanga utu i te wā-tūturu, ka taea ai e ngā Kaiwhakahaere Pūnaha Tohatoha (DSO) te aroturuki i te whakamahinga pūngao me te whakataurite i te whatunga hiko i te rohe mā te whakarerekē i ngā putanga utu i ngā wā pīki.
Te wikitoria i ngā wero
Ahakoa he maha ngā painga o te whakatinanatanga o te kawa OCPP, tera pea ka puta mai ētahi wero. Ko ētahi o ngā raruraru noa ko:
Ngā Take Hototahi Pūrere: Ko tētahi o ngā wero matua i te whakatinanatanga o te OCPP ko te hototahi o ngā pūrere. Ehara i te mea he 100% te hototahi o ngā pūrere EVSE me CSMS katoa.E tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga OCPP, ā, ka puta pea he raruraru i te mara.
Ngā hapa pūmanawa: AhakoaE tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga OCPPngā taputapu, tera pea he hapa pūmanawa, he raruraru rānei ka pā ki te EVSE, ki te CSMS rānei, ka whakararuraru i ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, i te mana whakahaere rānei.
Ngā Take Whirihoranga: He kawa uaua te OCPP e hiahia ana kia tika te whirihoranga kia mahi tika ai. Tērā pea ka puta he raruraru mēnā kāore i te tika te whirihoranga o ngā taputapu, mēnā rānei he hapa whirihoranga kei roto i te whakatinanatanga OCPP.
Mā te mahi tahi me tētahi kamupene pēnei i a Versinetic, ka taea e koe te wikitoria i ēnei wero, ā, ka mōhio koe kei te haumaru, kei te whai hua, kei te hou tonu hoki tō whakatinanatanga OCPP.
Ka taea e te tīma miihini me ngā tohunga hangarau o Versinetic te āwhina i a koe ki te hoahoa, ki te whakatinana, me te pupuri i tētahiE tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga OCPPHe hanganga utu EV e tutuki ai ō hiahia, e hipa atu ana hoki i ō tumanakohanga.
Ngā Tikanga Pai o te Whakatinanatanga OCPP
Ina whakatinanahia te OCPP ki roto i tō hanganga utu EV, whai i ēnei mahi pai rawa atu:
KōwhiriE tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga OCPPNgā EVSE: I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā EVSE (Taputapu Tuku Waka Hiko), he mea nui kia whiriwhiria ngā taputapu e tutuki ana i te OCPP 1.6J me te tautoko haumarutanga kōtaha 2, 3 rānei, kia pai ai te mahi tahi me te taumata haumarutanga teitei rawa atu e tukuna ana e te paerewa.
Ngā Kōwhiringa Ritenga EVSE: Mā te OCPP ka taea te whakarite i te mana whakahaere me te tātaritanga e whakaaetia ana. He pai ake te whiriwhiri i tētahi EVSE me te nui o ngā tautuhinga me ngā pūrongo e tika ana hei tautoko i te tātaritanga me te whakahaere mamao mō ō taiao tāutanga.
Tirohia ngā ture utu a tō whenua: He mea nui kia tirohia mēnā e tutuki ana i te EVSE ngā ture me ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te whenua e whakahaerehia ai. Hei tauira, he ture utu atamai ā te UK e hiahia ana kia wātea ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te rihi, pērā i te whakaroa matapōkere hei tīmata i te rihi. Mena kāore te EVSE e tautoko i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te whenua, kāore te rihi e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga.
Kōwhiria he CSMS Hototahi: He maha ngā CSMS arumoni e wātea ana ināianei e tautoko ana i te OCPP 1.6J me te haumarutanga kua whakahohea. Heoi, ko ngā whakawhitiwhitinga anake e kapi ana i tēnei, ā, me kapi e te CSMS ētahi atu āhuatanga o te whakahaere me te whakahaere i tētahi whatunga utu (hei tauira, te utu). Nō reira, kia tino whiriwhiria he CSMS e tutuki ana i ō whakaritenga motuhake.
Whakamātautau mahi tahi: Ina oti te whiriwhiri i te CSMS me te EVSE, ka taea te tīmata i te whakamātautau mahi tahi, ā, ka uru te EVSE ki tētahi tukanga "whakauru" me te CSMS, ka whakamātautau i ngā āhuatanga o te rihi mā te whakamahi i te OCPP. He taputapu motuhake kei te wātea hei āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā raruraru mēnā ka puta.
Aroturuki me te Tiaki: Kia oti te whakahaere i tō hanganga OCPP, he mea nui kia aroturukihia, kia tiakina hoki kia tika ai te mahi. Mā te tiaki me te whakahou i ia wā, ka whai wāhi pai tō hanganga ki te noho haumaru me te whai hua.
Ngā kai hei tango
Ko te kawa OCPP he paerewa kawa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e mōhiotia ana puta noa i te ao e whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga utu EV.
Mā te whakatinanatanga o te OCPP ka whakarite i te mahi tahi me te hototahi i waenga i te EVSE me te CSMS mai i ngā kaihanga rerekē, ka taea ai te whakawhiti raraunga me te aroturuki i te tukanga utu me te haumaru, me te whai hua hoki.
Ko ngā mahi pai mō te whakatinana i te OCPP ko te whiriwhiriE tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga OCPPNgā EVSE, te kōwhiri i tētahi CSMS hototahi, te tāuta me te whirihora i te OCPP, te whakamātautau me te manatoko, me te aroturuki me te tiaki.
Ko ngā wero i te wā whakatinanatanga ko ngā take hototahi taputapu, ngā pepeke pūmanawa, me ngā take whirihoranga.
Me hiahia tautoko hangarau mō tō whakatinanatanga OCPP?
Mena he kaihanga rihi EV koe e hiahia ana ki te whakauru i te OCPP ki roto i tō hanganga utu, whakapā atu ki te tīma Versinetic.
Ka taea e ā mātou miihini me ngā tohunga hangarau te āwhina i a koe ki te hoahoa, ki te whakatinana, me te pupuri i tētahiE tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga OCPPHanganga utu EV e tutuki ai ō hiahia.
Tukua a Versinetic kia āwhina i a koe ki te hanga i tētahi heke mai pumau me te hanganga utu hiko EV e haumaru ana, e whai hua ana, ā, e whai hua ana hoki.E tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga OCPP.
Te Kamupene Pūtaiao me te Hangarau Kakariki o Sichuan, Ltd.
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Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-03-2024
